SAP HANA is an in-memory database and application platform developed by SAP. It provides real-time data processing and analytics capabilities, enabling organizations to make faster and more informed decisions. HANA has gone through several major releases, with HANA 1.0 and HANA 2.0 being two significant versions.

1. Architecture:
   • HANA 1.0: In HANA 1.0, the architecture was based on a single-engine approach, known as the row-store. It stored data in a row-based format, which optimized transactional processing.
   • HANA 2.0: HANA 2.0 introduced a new architecture called the multiple-engine approach. It incorporates both the row-store and column-store engines, allowing for efficient processing of both transactional and analytical workloads.
2. Hybrid Data Tiering:
   • HANA 1.0: In HANA 1.0, all data had to reside in memory for processing. While this ensured high performance, it could be expensive as memory is generally more costly than other storage options.
   • HANA 2.0: HANA 2.0 introduced the concept of hybrid data tiering. It allows organizations to have a combination of in-memory and disk-based data storage. Frequently accessed data can be kept in memory, while less frequently accessed data can be moved to disk-based storage. This approach reduces memory costs and allows for larger data sets to be stored.
3. Dynamic Tiering:
   • HANA 1.0: HANA 1.0 did not have a built-in capability for managing cold or rarely accessed data. All data had to be stored in memory, which limited the size of the data sets that could be handled.
   • HANA 2.0: HANA 2.0 introduced the Dynamic Tiering feature, which allows the system to automatically move data between in-memory and disk-based storage based on its usage patterns. This feature enables efficient management of large data volumes and improves overall performance.
4. Enhanced Analytical Capabilities:
   • HANA 1.0: HANA 1.0 provided robust analytical capabilities with its column-store engine, enabling high-speed analytical processing. However, some advanced analytical features were not available.
   • HANA 2.0: HANA 2.0 expanded the analytical capabilities by introducing new features such as graph processing, spatial processing, and text analytics. These additions allow organizations to perform more sophisticated analytics on their data.
5. Enhanced Development Tools:
   • HANA 1.0: HANA 1.0 had a set of development tools for creating applications and models. However, there were limitations in terms of ease of use and functionality.
   • HANA 2.0: HANA 2.0 introduced improved development tools, including the Web IDE (Integrated Development Environment) and the Business Application Studio. These tools provide a more intuitive and feature-rich development environment, enabling developers to build applications more efficiently.

Overall, HANA 2.0 builds upon the foundation of HANA 1.0, enhancing its capabilities and introducing new features to improve performance, scalability, and flexibility. The multiple-engine approach, hybrid data tiering, dynamic tiering, enhanced analytical capabilities, and improved development tools make HANA 2.0 a more powerful and comprehensive platform for data processing and analytics.